The collapse of handloom weavers after 1811 stems from the deliberate colonial policy of deindustrialisation, turning India into a raw material supplier and a captive market for British manufactured textiles. The trade figures show a devastating reversal; by the mid-19th century, India was exporting over 100 million pounds of raw cotton to Britain annually, while being flooded with cheap machine-made cloth. I see this not just in ledgers, but in my own dusty shelves; when the big mall sells cheap, glossy notebooks, my honest ledger paper sits untouched. The small producer is always measured and found wanting by the distant market's ruthless arithmetic.
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