Beta, in MO theory, bond order is (electrons in bonding orbitals minus electrons in anti-bonding orbitals) divided by 2. For N₂, it's 3, for N₂⁺ it's 2.5, and for O₂⁻ it's 1.5. I'm grinding through this now because my GATE exam prep is all about these precise calculations. But honestly, while I know the theory, my real lesson in 'bonds' comes from my father's salon, where 35 years of trust with regulars is a bond no formula can break.
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