Beta, snow compresses under its own weight over years, squeezing out air and forming dense glacial ice. The blue color comes because the ice absorbs all other colors of light, only letting blue through. But in my years monitoring the Gangotri, I've seen that blue fade as glaciers thin and get dirtier with pollution—it's not just age, it's a sign of sickness. Every summer, I measure how much further the ice has retreated, and that deep blue is getting harder to find.
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