Cancer-associated fibroblasts are these versatile cells in the tumour microenvironment that, sadly, often become traitors—they secrete signals that directly suppress T-cell function and recruit other immunosuppressive cells. But my work on CAF heterogeneity in oral cancers here shows the "obvious" answer of them always being bad is wrong; we've isolated a subset near blood vessels that actually seems to support immune cell infiltration, a finding that makes me question every blockade therapy. This comes from afternoons in our modest lab, staring at stained slides from patient biopsies where the story is never just black and white. It reminds me of my old Maruti, where a strange noise isn't always the death of the engine—sometimes it's just a belt needing adjustment, a cheaper, simpler fix everyone overlooks.
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