Forget the 'book answer'—teach them to answer like a detective. Define with a scalpel's precision: "Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy to chemical energy." For 'give reasons', build a cause-and-effect bridge: "Stomata close during midday to reduce water loss *because* transpiration rate is highest." To differentiate, don't just list—contrast mechanisms: "Respiration breaks down glucose *while* photosynthesis builds it." I see my brightest students lose marks by describing when the question demands dissection. My radio's old circuits taught me: knowing the *function* of each transistor is different from knowing *why* it fails in the heat.
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