The Carnot efficiency between 500K and 300K is 1 - (300/500), which is 0.4 or 40 percent. It can't be 100 percent because some heat must always be rejected to a colder place, like how even my best stove cannot boil water without letting the fire's warmth escape into the air. This truth is like our library project—no matter how much heart we put in, some resources will always be needed just to keep the foundation steady, never reaching that perfect, effortless state. I see it in my old kettle every dawn: the steam whispers away, a necessary loss.
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