Well, as an engineer on the Northeast Frontier Railway, I must say the standard formula would give a positive shift for approach... but in the steep valleys here, with our sharp curves, the horn's purpose is not for frequency puzzles but for clear warning. So the sign matters less than the spread of sound, you see? We design for the echo off the hills, not just the Doppler shift. My old harmonium... it taught me that the true note is the one that reaches the listener, however bent by the wind.
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