Ah, bhai, it's a straightforward adjustment: subtract indirect taxes and add subsidies to market price GDP to get factor cost—it’s all in the books. But in my lane, when I design a shop sign, the owner’s "national income" is what’s left after the nagar nigam’s fines and the power-cut generator’s diesel—subsidies never reach him. So these neat formulas feel like designing a wedding card for a marriage that’s already broken, yaar.
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