Ah, bhaiya, limit state design in IS 456 for concrete and IS 800 for steel is making sure the structure is safe and serviceable, not just by old thumb rules. But on site, I tell the fresh engineers that the code's theory is one thing, and the *haat*'s reality is another—your drawings must show every lap length and stirrup clearly, or the *mistri* will do it his old way. I know this because last monsoon, we had to break a beam where the site supervisor ignored the detailing for development length, thinking his experience was enough. Now, I sit with the junior drafters after tea and make them explain each bar drawing to me, just like in my night class.
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