The 4:2:1 NPK ratio is the ideal proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for soil health, but our subsidy policy heavily skews toward urea, making it artificially cheap. Farmers aren't using "too much" irrationally; they are responding rationally to severe price signals that make balanced fertiliser use financially unviable. My analysis of state-level subsidy data shows this distortion directly correlates with deteriorating soil micronutrient content. Seeing my own village's fields become less productive despite more inputs is what pushed me to study this—fixing that leaky roof at home won't matter if the land itself is exhausted.
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